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Axillary Artery 3D

  • Description

    • * Represents the continuation of the subclavian artery and is a major artery of the upper limb.
    • * Enters the axilla by passing behind the midpoint of the clavicle on the outer edge of the first rib.
    • * Divided into three parts by its relation to pectoralis minor muscle.                                                                                                 

Branches of Axillary Artery                                                                

Branches of the First Part of Axillary Artery

  • Superior Thoracic Artery:
    • * Arises from the first part of the axillary artery, originating at the level of the subclavius muscle.
    • * Runs anteromedially and inferiorly, passing posterior to the axillary vein. It then courses along the superior border of the pectoralis minor muscle.
    • * Supplies muscles and skin of the first and second intercostal spaces, serratus anterior muscle, subclavius muscle, pectoralis major muscle, and pectoralis minor muscle.                                                                                                                                     

Branches of the Second Part of Axillary Artery

  • Thoracoacromial Artery:
    • * Arises near the axilla at the level of the suprascapular notch from the second part of the axillary artery.
    • * Courses downwards, deep to the medial border of the pectoralis minor muscle, after which it pierces the clavipectoral fascia.
    • * Has pectoral, clavicular, acromial, and deltoid branches.

 

  • Lateral Thoracic Artery:
    • * Runs along the lateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle.
    • * Supplies the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior muscles and the axillary lymph nodes and gives rise to lateral mammary branches.

                                                                                          

Branches of the Third Part of Axillary Artery

  • Subscapular Artery:
    • * The largest branch of the axillary artery.
    • * Arises at the lower border of the subscapularis muscle and descends along the axillary border of the scapula.
    • * Divides into the thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular arteries.                                                                                                    

Thoracodorsal Artery:

  • * Accompanies the thoracodorsal nerve and supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle and the lateral thoracic wall.                                                                                                                                                                                

Circumflex Scapular Artery:

  • * Passes posteriorly into the triangular space bounded by the subscapularis muscle and the teres minor muscle above, the teres major muscle below, and the long head of the triceps brachii laterally.
  • * Anastomoses with branches of the dorsal scapular and suprascapular arteries.

                                                                                                                   

  • Anterior Humeral Circumflex Artery:
    • * Passes anteriorly around the surgical neck of the humerus.
    • * Anastomoses with the posterior humeral circumflex artery.                                  

                                                         

  • Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery:
    • * Runs posteriorly through the quadrangular space bounded by the teres minor and teres major muscles, the long head of the triceps brachii, and the humerus.
    • * Anastomoses with the anterior humeral circumflex artery and an ascending branch of the profunda brachii artery.

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  • Description

    • * Represents the continuation of the subclavian artery and is a major artery of the upper limb.
    • * Enters the axilla by passing behind the midpoint of the clavicle on the outer edge of the first rib.
    • * Divided into three parts by its relation to pectoralis minor muscle.                                                                                                 

Branches of Axillary Artery                                                                

Branches of the First Part of Axillary Artery

  • Superior Thoracic Artery:
    • * Arises from the first part of the axillary artery, originating at the level of the subclavius muscle.
    • * Runs anteromedially and inferiorly, passing posterior to the axillary vein. It then courses along the superior border of the pectoralis minor muscle.
    • * Supplies muscles and skin of the first and second intercostal spaces, serratus anterior muscle, subclavius muscle, pectoralis major muscle, and pectoralis minor muscle.                                                                                                                                     

Branches of the Second Part of Axillary Artery

  • Thoracoacromial Artery:
    • * Arises near the axilla at the level of the suprascapular notch from the second part of the axillary artery.
    • * Courses downwards, deep to the medial border of the pectoralis minor muscle, after which it pierces the clavipectoral fascia.
    • * Has pectoral, clavicular, acromial, and deltoid branches.

 

  • Lateral Thoracic Artery:
    • * Runs along the lateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle.
    • * Supplies the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior muscles and the axillary lymph nodes and gives rise to lateral mammary branches.

                                                                                          

Branches of the Third Part of Axillary Artery

  • Subscapular Artery:
    • * The largest branch of the axillary artery.
    • * Arises at the lower border of the subscapularis muscle and descends along the axillary border of the scapula.
    • * Divides into the thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular arteries.                                                                                                    

Thoracodorsal Artery:

  • * Accompanies the thoracodorsal nerve and supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle and the lateral thoracic wall.                                                                                                                                                                                

Circumflex Scapular Artery:

  • * Passes posteriorly into the triangular space bounded by the subscapularis muscle and the teres minor muscle above, the teres major muscle below, and the long head of the triceps brachii laterally.
  • * Anastomoses with branches of the dorsal scapular and suprascapular arteries.

                                                                                                                   

  • Anterior Humeral Circumflex Artery:
    • * Passes anteriorly around the surgical neck of the humerus.
    • * Anastomoses with the posterior humeral circumflex artery.                                  

                                                         

  • Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery:
    • * Runs posteriorly through the quadrangular space bounded by the teres minor and teres major muscles, the long head of the triceps brachii, and the humerus.
    • * Anastomoses with the anterior humeral circumflex artery and an ascending branch of the profunda brachii artery.

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